chapter 15
Voltage Control
15.1 Importance of voltage control
15.2 Location of Voltage Control Equipment
15.3 Methods of Voltage Control
15.4 Excitation Control
15.5 Tirril Regulator
15.6 Brown-Boveri Regulator
15.7 Tap-Changing Transformers
15.8 Auto-Transformer Tap-Changing
15.9 Booster Transformer
15.10 Induction Regulators
15.11 Voltage Control by Synchronous Condenser
Introduction
In a modern power system, electrical energy from the generating station is delivered to the ultimate consumers through a network of transmission and distribution. For satisfactory operation of motors, lamps and other loads, it is desirable that consumers are supplied with substantially constant voltage. Too wide variations of voltage may cause erratic operation or even mal-functioning of consumers appliances. To safe guard the interest of the consumers, the government has enacted a law in this regard. The statutory limit of voltage variation is +- 6% of declared voltage of consumers terminals.
The principle cause of voltage variation at consumer's premises is the change in load on the supply system. When the load on the system increases, the voltage at the consumer's terminals falls due to the increased voltage drop in (i) alternator synchronous impedance(ii)transmission line(iii) transformer impedance (iv)feeders and (v)distributors. The reverse would happen should the load on the system decrease. These voltage variations are undesirable and must be kept within the prescribed limits( i.e +- 6% of the declared voltage). This is achieved by installing voltage regulating equipment at suitable places in the power system. The purpose of this chapter is to deal with important voltage control equipment and its increasing utility in this fast developing power system.
15.1 Importance of voltage control
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